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こんにちは！ずくです
私は現在、子育てをしながら週3日を業務委託（フリーランス）で働いています
それまではずっと正社員や派遣社員といった、いわゆる「給与」として支払われる雇用形態でしたが、今は「報酬」扱いとなり、年に1回確定申告をして社会保険料や住民税も自分で支払うスタイルになりました
以前、契約社員として働いていた頃知人に
「週5勤務は多いけど、週3とかで出てる求人が少ないし落ちる」とボヤいたことろ、
「ずくさんはフリーランスが向いているんじゃない？」と言われたことがありました
その時は、自分で確定申告をしたりするのが面倒だったので、検討もしなかったのですが
実際にフリーランスになってみると、収入や時間の面でメリットが多く、とても理にかなった働き方である事が分かりました
そこで、今回は扶養内で働く際にフリーランスを選ぶことについてお話しします！
そもそもフリーランスって・・・
デザイナーとかプログラマーとかの技術がある人しか仕事がないのでは？
→実際に私は一般事務（勤怠管理や入退社手続き）の仕事をしています
「業務委託 一般事務」で調べると結構求人情報がでてきます
扶養内での働き方いろいろ
①給与で働く（契約社員、派遣社員、アルバイトなど）
②報酬で働く（フリーランス＝業務委託、成功報酬での働き方）
①給与で働く
メリット：慣れた働き方、毎月の社会保険料の支払いや年末調整を会社がしてくれる
デメリット：年収の壁を意識してシフトを組む必要がある（もっと働きたいけど働けないジレンマ）
②報酬で働く
メリット：年収を自分で調整して、手取りを増やせる（後述）
デメリット：慣れていない働き方、自分で確定申告をしなければなならない、失業手当がもらえない
年収を自分で調整して、手取りを増やせるとは
収入と所得と手取りの違い
収入
→会社が本来あなたへ支払った金額
所得
→収入から社会保険料（雇用保険、健康保険等）を引いた額
手取り
→所得に応じて算出された税金（所得税）を所得から引いた額
→つまり最終的に銀行口座に振込まれる金額
給与で働くと・・・
控除される金額はたかが知れている（雇用保険、健康保険、年末調整でできる控除等）
報酬で働くと・・・
経費を活用することにより控除額が増え、最終的な手残りが給与で働くよりも増える
フリーランスのメリットの紹介
手取り額が増える
→日常で支払うものの中に経費対象になるものがあれば、有効活用できる（携帯代等）
報酬の交渉ができる
→成果を求められるフリーランスだからこそ、自分からの交渉がしやすい
仕事をする時間の自由度が増す
→月間〇〇時間や成果物の提出という契約が多いので、その範囲内であれば比較的仕事をする時間帯を選べる
地方に住んでいても働ける
→在宅の仕事が多いため、地元で働くよりも高収入の仕事を選ぶことができる
フリーランスのデメリットと解消
慣れていない働き方で何かこわい
→契約書をしっかり交わせば大丈夫です（だいたいA4用紙2枚程度の内容です）
不安定な働き方そう
→そもそも正社員じゃない時点で不安定です
確定申告とかって難しそう
→白色申告であれば楽勝です、自宅から提出できます
間違えたら捕まるの？
→直して提出するだけです
自宅に税務署の人が押しかけてマスコミに囲まれるの？
→意図的に悪いことをしている大きな会社や有名人だけです
失業手当がもらえない
→家に大黒柱がいる前提の扶養内という働き方であればそもそも必要ないと思いますが、心配な方は代わりとなる制度やサービス※もあります
政府が対策を打ち出したけど・・・
（106万円の壁、130万円の壁を超えて従業員が払わなければならなくなった社会保険料分を会社が国からの補助金を使ってまかなうもの）※2025年末までの2年間限定
本来であればフリーランスになることで解決できそうな問題ですが、おそらく給与所得者がたくさんいた方が国が税金を取りっぱぐれないためなのでしょう・・・「トーゴーサンピン」でググってみよう！
扶養内で働く際に、フリーランスという選択肢を持つだけで生活の幅がぐっと広がります！
もし、やってみて自分の環境に合わない場合は変えればいいだけのことです
世の中には思った以上にさまざまな選択肢があります
ぜひ活用してみてください
（おわり）
2024．4.23追記
誠に申し訳ございません！！フリーランスのデメリットが見つかってしまいました
Working within the family’s support limit may make freelancing the strongest option.
Hello! I’m ZUKU.
I am currently working as a freelance worker three days a week while taking care of my child. Until now, I have always been employed under what is commonly known as “salary” employment, such as regular employment or temporary employment, where I receive a fixed monthly salary. However, now I am categorized as receiving “compensation,” and I have to file a tax return once a year, as well as pay social insurance premiums and resident taxes on my own.
In the past, when I was working as a contract employee, I complained to an acquaintance that “working five days a week is too much, but there are few job listings for three days a week, so I keep getting rejected.” In response, they said, “Maybe freelancing is more suitable for you, ZUKU?” At that time, I found the idea of handling my own tax returns and payments bothersome, so I didn’t consider it.
However, after actually becoming a freelancer, I realized there are many advantages in terms of income and time management, making it a very reasonable way of working.
So today, I would like to talk about choosing freelancing when working within the family’s support system!
What is freelancing in the first place?
Isn’t it only for people with technical skills like designers or programmers?
→ In reality, I work in general office work (attendance management, entry and exit procedures), and if you search for “freelance general office work,” you will find quite a few job listings.
Various ways of working within the family support system
- Working for a salary (contract employees, temporary employees, part-time workers, etc.)
- Working for compensation (freelancers = subcontractors, working on a success-based compensation model)
Working for a salary
Advantages: Familiar way of working, company handles monthly social insurance premium payments and year-end adjustments for you.
Disadvantages: Need to be conscious of the salary ceiling and adjust shifts accordingly (dilemma of wanting to work more but not being able to).
Working for compensation
Advantages: Adjust income by yourself and increase take-home pay (explained later).
Disadvantages: Unfamiliar way of working, need to file tax returns by yourself, cannot receive unemployment benefits.
Adjusting income by yourself and increasing take-home pay
Difference between income, earnings, and take-home pay
Income
→ The amount of money the company originally pays you.
Earnings
→ The amount of money after deducting social insurance premiums (employment insurance, health insurance, etc.) from your income.
Take-home pay
→ The amount of money after deducting income tax (income tax) from your earnings.
→ In other words, the final amount deposited into your bank account.
Working for a salary means…
The deducted amount is relatively small (employment insurance, health insurance, deductions that can be made during year-end adjustments, etc.).
Working for compensation means…
By utilizing expenses, the deduction amount increases, resulting in a higher final take-home pay compared to working for a salary.
Introduction to the advantages of freelancing
Increased take-home pay
→ If there are expenses that can be considered as deductible within your daily expenses (such as mobile phone bills), you can effectively utilize them.
Negotiating compensation
→ As a freelancer who is expected to deliver results, it is easier to negotiate from your side.
Increased flexibility in working hours
→ Many contracts specify a monthly number of hours or deliverables, so within that range, you can choose relatively freely when to work.
Can work even if living in a rural area
→ Since many jobs can be done remotely, you can choose higher-paying jobs compared to working locally.
Disadvantages of freelancing and how to overcome them
Fear of unfamiliar way of working
→ If you have a solid contract in place, it should be fine.
Concerns about instability
→ It’s inherently unstable when you’re not a regular employee.
Seems difficult to file tax returns, etc.
→ If you opt for simplified tax filing, it’s quite easy, and you can do it from home.
What if I make a mistake?
→ Just correct it and resubmit.
Will tax authorities come to my home surrounded by the media?
→ That only happens to big companies or famous people intentionally doing something wrong.
Cannot receive unemployment benefits
→ If you’re working within the family support system where there’s a main breadwinner, you probably don’t need them anyway. But if you’re worried, there are alternative programs and services available.
※
Anshin Foundation
Freelancers Association
Small Business Mutual Aid System
iDeCo
New NISA
Although the government has implemented measures…
Income ceiling and support enhancement package
(A system where companies use subsidies from the government to cover the social insurance premiums that employees must pay when exceeding the 1.06 million yen or 1.3 million yen income thresholds) *Limited to 2 years until the end of 2025
Ideally, this issue could be resolved by becoming a freelancer. However, perhaps the government prefers having many salary earners to ensure they collect taxes, which is why they have implemented such a system using “taxes”…
Even when it was broadcasted on NHK on February 28th, there was no mention of freelancing at all, so it feels quite mysterious…
When working within the family support system, having the option of freelancing significantly broadens the scope of your lifestyle! If you try it and find that it doesn’t suit your environment, you can always change.
There are more options in the world than you might think, so please consider using them.
(The end)
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